ComponentPluginManager should detect if an extension provides two different components that resolve to the same plugin ID

Problem/Motivation

1. I write a module.
2. I add components/image.component.yml
3. Months later, I add many components, and I add component/simple/image.component.yml
4. On some environments, this crashes, on others it does not.

Steps to reproduce

See above.

Proposed resolution

Detect the duplicate plugin ID within an extension, and throw a helpful exception.

Remaining tasks

• Explicit test coverage. (I suggest following the pattern that \Drupal\Tests\ckeditor5\Kernel\CKEditor5PluginManagerTest::testInvalidPluginDefinitions() established.)
• Fix.

User interface changes

None.

Introduced terminology

None.

API changes

None.

Data model changes

None.

Release notes snippet

N/A