We're having problem with a combination of the core language modules and the Content view using DISTINCT. Here are steps to reproduce it in a minimal 8.3.5 site installation. It must be using MySQL 5.7+ with ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY enabled.
Enable the Multilingual modules:
Configuration Translation config_translation
Content Translation content_translation
Interface Translation locale
Language language
Navigate to /admin/config/regional/language/detection and deselect URL
Navigate to /admin/config/regional/language and Add Language. Select Danish and wait for the translation files to download
Navigate to /admin/config/regional/language/detection/selected and set the default language to Danish
Navigate to /admin/structure/views/view/content and select Distinct in the query settings (Indstillinger for forespørgsel:Indstillinger / Særskilt)
Select Content (Indhold)
Drupal\Core\Database\DatabaseExceptionWrapper: Exception in Indhold[content]: SQLSTATE[HY000]: General error: 3065 Expression #1 of ORDER BY clause is not in SELECT list, references column 'drupal8.node_field_data.changed' which is not in SELECT list; this is incompatible with DISTINCT: SELECT DISTINCT node_field_data.langcode AS node_field_data_langcode, users_field_data_node_field_data.langcode AS users_field_data_node_field_data_langcode, node_field_data.nid AS nid, users_field_data_node_field_data.uid AS users_field_data_node_field_data_uid FROM {node_field_data} node_field_data INNER JOIN {users_field_data} users_field_data_node_field_data ON node_field_data.uid = users_field_data_node_field_data.uid WHERE (node_field_data.status = 1 OR (node_field_data.uid = 1 AND 1 <> 0 AND 1 = 1) OR 1 = 1) ORDER BY node_field_data.changed DESC LIMIT 50 OFFSET 0; Array ( ) i Drupal\views\Plugin\views\query\Sql->execute() (linje 1488 af /home/ubuntu/deleteme/drupal83/drupal/web/core/modules/views/src/Plugin/views/query/Sql.php).
The issue is related to the use of DISTINCT with ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY in MySQL 5.7, and the fact that the ORDER BY column is not in the select.
This was performed on Ubuntu 16.04 with the following
Drupal 8.3.5
PHP 7.0.19-1+deb.sury.org~xenial+2
MySQL 5.7.18-0ubuntu0.16.04.1
nginx/1.10.0