Update contrib modules (dependencies) to be compatible with a new Drupal major version

Notes:
how I worked on this:

• set up a new "demo" project with composer create-project dropsolid/rocketship:^10.0 PROJECTNAME --no-dev --no-interaction
• install the project, to have a working D9.4 site
• add and install Upgrade Status module
• check report
• go over each module in the require section of the composer.json of rocketship_core and update to D10 compatible version, where needed

Done:

• "drupal/advagg": "^5.0" => "^6.0" and removed 2 outdated patches
• "drupal/config_filter": "^1.5" => "^2.4"
• "drupal/config_split": "^1.5" => "^2.0"
• "drupal/config_update": "^1.7" => "^2.0"
• "drupal/ctools": "^3.0" => "^4.0"
• "drupal/focal_point": "^1.5" => "^2.0"
• "drupal/google_tag": "^1.4" => "^2.0"
• "drupal/inline_entity_form": "^1.0" => "^2.0"
• "drupal/manage_display": "^2.0" => "^3.0"
• "drupal/scheduler": "^1.3" => "^2.0"
• "drupal/ckeditor" was removed
• "drupal/field_limiter" had to switch to dev release from fork
• "drupal/node_title_help_text" had to switch to dev release
• some other minor version updates, just for the sake of using latest versions

Todo:

• Check release notes for every major upgrade, update default configs and code usages where needed

Automatically closed - issue fixed for 2 weeks with no activity.