Allowed values for list integer field ignores active language

we ran into this issue as well, with a list<string> on a user profile form
and we found the following workaround:

$language_manager = \Drupal::languageManager();
$current_language = $language_manager->getConfigOverrideLanguage();

$language_manager->setConfigOverrideLanguage($current_language);
$field_storage = \Drupal::entityTypeManager()
  ->getStorage('field_storage_config')
  ->loadUnchanged('user.[FIELD_NAME]'');
$allowed_values = $field_storage->getSetting('allowed_values');

// Do your things here.
// ... i.e. overriding the widget options in the user form
$form['[FIELD_NAME]'']['widget']['#options'] = $allowed_values;

// Revert to the original language. <== not needed in our case
// $language_manager->setConfigOverrideLanguage($current_language); 

or this is how it would look like in case of a node field:

$language_manager = \Drupal::languageManager();
$current_language = $language_manager->getConfigOverrideLanguage();

// Load translated allowed values for the field by overriding config
// language temporary.
$language_manager->setConfigOverrideLanguage($node->language());
$field_storage = \Drupal::entityTypeManager()
  ->getStorage('field_storage_config')
  ->loadUnchanged('node.[FIELD_NAME]');
$allowed_values = $field_storage->getSetting('allowed_values');

// Do your things here.
...

// Revert to the original language.
$language_manager->setConfigOverrideLanguage($current_language);