Is it possible to extend your module to provide custom plugins? One example I can think of is to provide a textfield so the user can enter any value and then during the build/render, take that value and set a style on the #attributes for a CSS3 variable.
Example: style="--[name_provided_in_yml_config]: [value_provided_by_user_via_textfield]"
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TL,DR: Yes.
Style options are annotation based plugins → . Any module can provide plugins for other modules.
The plugins provided by the module itself use the same plugin system, e.g. CssClass plugin