All dependencies must be prefixed with the project name, for example "drupal:"

This is wrong. Since the dependencies are Drupal core modules, they should be namespaced with Drupal. I'm attaching a patch to revert the change.

To be clear, the module is currently not installable with composer.

$ composer require drupal/ul_revision_log
Using version ^1.2 for drupal/ul_revision_log
Info from https://repo.packagist.org: #StandWithUkraine
./composer.json has been updated
Running composer update drupal/ul_revision_log
Gathering patches from patch file.
Removing package drupal/node_edit_protection so that it can be re-installed and re-patched.
  - Removing drupal/node_edit_protection (1.1.0)
Deleting app/modules/contrib/node_edit_protection - deleted
Loading composer repositories with package information
Updating dependencies
Your requirements could not be resolved to an installable set of packages.

  Problem 1
    - Root composer.json requires drupal/ul_revision_log ^1.2 -> satisfiable by drupal/ul_revision_log[1.2.0].
    - drupal/ul_revision_log 1.2.0 requires drupal/content_moderation-content_moderation * -> could not be found in any version, there may be a typo in the package name.

The above patch needs to be committed and a new release needs to be rolled.